From Test-Scratch-Wiki
This tutorial explains how to sort a list either alphabetically or numerically. The methods of sorting used in this tutorial are known as bubble sort, insertion sort, and quicksort.
Bubble Sort
Below is the bubble sort algorithm in Scratch which is one of many possible methods for sorting data:
when green flag clicked
set [pass v] to [0]
set [swaps v] to [0]
repeat until <<(pass) > [0]> and <(swaps) = [0]>>
set [item v] to [0]
change [pass v] by (1)
set [swaps v] to [0]
repeat ((length of [data v]) - (1))
change [item v] by (1)
if <(item ((item) + (1)) of [data v]) < (item (item) of [data v])> then
set [value v] to (item ((item) + (1)) of [data v])
replace item ((item) + (1)) of [data v] with (item (item) of [data v])
replace item (item) of [data v] with (value)
change [swaps v] by (1)
end
end
end
This script sorts the values from least to greatest.
How it Works
- This script sorts the data in the list "data"
- It does this by constantly comparing to values that are side-by-side on the list
- If a value needs to be moved, it is saved in the variable 'value' and then moved to the correct location
- It repeats this until no changes are made to the list
Insertion Sort
Below is the insertion sort algorithm in Scratch:
when green flag clicked
set [item v] to [2]
repeat until <(length of [data v]) < (item)>
set [insert location v] to ((item) - (1))
repeat until <<(item (insert location) of [data v]) < (item (item) of [data v])> or <(insert location) < [1]>>
change [insert location v] by (-1)
end
insert (item (item) of [data v]) at ((insert location) + (1)) of [data v]
delete ((item) + (1)) of [data v]
change [item v] by (1)
end
This script sorts the values from least to greatest.
How it Works
- This script sorts the data in the list "Text"
- The list has 2 parts
- The first part is already sorted and the second part waiting to be sorted
- When the program gets to an unsorted value in a list the program moves the value into its proper location in the first part of the list
- When the program gets the end of the list all of the values have been sorted from least to greatest
Quicksort
Below is a quicksort algorithm implemented in Scratch. While in the worse-case, quicksort operates at speeds similar to the Bubble or Insertion sorts, such cases are rare. Quicksort is typically much more efficient. Note that quicksort uses recursion.
define Quicksort (_start) (_end) if<((_end) - (_start)) < [2]> if<<(_end) > (_start)> and <(item (_start) of [list v]) > (item (_end) of [list v]) set [store v] to (item (_start) of [list v]) replace item (_start) of [list v] with (item (_end) of [list v]) replace item (_end) of [list v] with (store) end stop [this script v] end set [a v] to (_start) set [b v] to ((_end) - (1)) repeat until <not <(a) < (b)>> if<(item (a) of [list v]) < (item (_end) of [list v])> change [a v] by (1) else if<(item (b) of [list v]) > (item (_end) of [list v])> change [b v] by (-1) else set [store v] to (item (a) of [list v]) replace item (a) of [list v] with (item (b) of [list v]) replace item (b) of [list v] with (store) end end end if<(item (a) of [list v]) < (item (_end) of [list v])> change [a v] by (1) end set [store v] to (item (a) of [list v]) replace item (a) of [list v] with (item (_end) of [list v]) replace item (_end) of [list v] with (store) Quicksort (_start) ((a) - (1)) Quicksort ((a) + (1)) (_end) when green flag clicked Quicksort (1) (length of [list v])
How it Works
- This script sorts the data in the list "list"
- The general idea is that we compare every element in the list to the last element (for simplicity, we use the last one). This is called the 'pivot element'. We then divide the list into two sublists: one which has every element smaller than the pivot, and one with every element larger than the pivot.
- We keep dividing these sublists into smaller and smaller sublists, until they are, at most, 2-long.
- The list is now sorted.
